TCP/IP port is a number assigned to user sessions and server applications in an IP network. The port number resides in the TCP or UDP header of the packet. There are Source Ports and Destination Ports.
Source Ports
The source port, which can be a random number, is assigned to the client and is used to keep track of user sessions.
Destination Ports
The destination port is used to route packets on a server to the appropriate network application. For example, port 80 is the standard port number for HTTP traffic. Destination ports are typically well-known ports (0-1023) for common Internet applications such as HTTP, FTP and SMTP. It can also be a registered port (1024-49151) that vendors use for proprietary applications.
Source Becomes Destination and Vice Versa
On the return trip response from the server, the destination port number and IP address become the source port number and IP address. Likewise, the source port and IP become the destination port and IP. The port numbers are divided into three ranges: the Well Known Ports, the Registered Ports, and the Dynamic and/or Private Ports.
Well Known Ports
The Well Known Ports are those from 0 through 1023.
DCCP Well Known ports SHOULD NOT be used without IANA registration. The Well Known Ports are assigned by the IANA and on most systems can only be used by system (or root) processes or by programs executed by privileged users.
Registered Ports
The Registered Ports are those from 1024 through 49151.
DCCP Registered ports SHOULD NOT be used without IANA registration. The Registered Ports are listed by the IANA and on most systems can be used by ordinary user processes or programs executed by ordinary users.
Dynamic and/or Private Ports
The Dynamic and/or Private Ports are those from 49152 through 65535.
You could find the complete list of well-known, registered and dynamic ports used on the Internet at www.iana.org/assignments/port-numbers.
Some ports are used by well-known Trojan horses applications. A Trojan is a program installed on your computer that gives full access to hackers. You can find on the internet information on the existing Trojans and ports being used. More information about Trojans is available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_computer_viruses_and_worms. If you wish to scan your computer, you could find scanning software on the internet.
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